HOX genes in the sepiolid squid Euprymna scolopes: Implications for the evolution of complex body plans
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HOX genes in the sepiolid squid Euprymna scolopes: implications for the evolution of complex body plans.
Molluscs display a rich diversity of body plans ranging from the wormlike appearance of aplacophorans to the complex body plan of the cephalopods with highly developed sensory organs, a complex central nervous system, and cognitive abilities unrivaled among the invertebrates. The aim of the current study is to define molecular parameters relevant to the developmental evolution of cephalopods by...
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their downstream targets in the lamprey head. In jawed vertebrates, Edn signaling patterns the pharyngeal skeleton and positions the jaw joint through the action of target genes such as Hand, Bapx, Chordin, Gdf5, Gsc, Dlx, and Barx. We find gnathostome-like expression of Edns and most Edn target genes in the lamprey head, indicating that Ednmediated pharyngeal skeleton patterning predates the e...
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The transcription factors Apterous/Lhx2/9 play many pivotal roles in the development of protostomes and deuterostomes, most notably limb patterning, eye morphogenesis, and brain development. Full-length apterous/lhx2/9 homologs have been isolated from several invertebrate species, but hitherto not from a lophotrochozoan. Here, we report the isolation, characterization, and spatio-temporal expre...
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Specific bacteria are found in association with animal tissue. Such host-bacterial associations (symbioses) can be detrimental (pathogenic), have no fitness consequence (commensal), or be beneficial (mutualistic). While much attention has been given to pathogenic interactions, little is known about the processes that dictate the reproducible acquisition of beneficial/commensal bacteria from the...
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
سال: 2002
ISSN: 0027-8424,1091-6490
DOI: 10.1073/pnas.042683899